Cushing's Syndrome, also known as hypercortisolism, is a condition caused by excessive production of cortisol in a dog’s body. While cortisol is essential for regulating stress responses, metabolism, and immune function, too much of it can lead to serious health issues. Early detection and proper treatment are crucial to managing this condition and improving your dog’s quality of life.

What Causes Cushing’s Syndrome in Dogs?

Cushing’s Syndrome typically stems from one of three primary causes:

Pituitary Tumors
The most common cause, a benign tumor in the pituitary gland, stimulates excessive cortisol production.

Adrenal Tumors
Less common, this occurs when a tumor in the adrenal gland leads to overproduction of cortisol.

Excessive Corticosteroid Use
Prolonged use of corticosteroid medications for other conditions can also result in Cushing’s Syndrome.

Recognizing Symptoms of Cushing’s Syndrome

The signs of Cushing's Syndrome can be subtle and develop gradually, making it challenging to detect early. Common symptoms include:

• Increased thirst and urination
• Excessive hunger
• Weight gain and a pot-bellied appearance
• Hair loss or thinning coat
• Lethargy and weakness
• Skin infections or delayed wound healing
• Muscleatrophy

If you notice any of these symptoms, consult your veterinarian for further evaluation.

Diagnosing Cushing’s Syndrome

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of physical exams, blood tests, and specialized diagnostics like:

• ACTH Stimulation Test: Measures cortisol levels after administering a hormone.
• Low-Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test: Determines cortisol suppression in response to medication.
• Ultrasound: Identifies tumors in the adrenal glands.

Treatment Options for Cushing’s Syndrome

The treatment for Cushing’s Syndrome depends on its underlying cause:

Medications
Drugs like trilostane (Vetoryl) or mitotane (Lysodren) help regulate cortisol production. These are effective for managing symptoms but require regular monitoring.

Surgery
For adrenal tumors, surgical removal of the affected gland can be a permanent solution, though it involves risks.

Discontinuing Corticosteroids
If caused by medication, gradually reducing corticosteroid use under veterinary supervision can alleviate symptoms.

Supportive Care
Dietary changes and regular exercise can support overall health and improve quality of life.

Living with Cushing’s Syndrome

While Cushing’s Syndrome is a chronic condition, many dogs live happy, healthy lives with proper management. Regular veterinary visits and adherence to treatment plans are essential to controlling symptoms and preventing complications.